Shekoofeh Farahmand; Nematollah Akbari
Volume 10, Issue 34 , April 2008, , Pages 73-98
Abstract
Urbanization occurs when sector composition changes from agriculture to industry. Technology improvement in agriculture releases labor from this section and causes labor to immigrate from rural areas to urban areas. Population movements from rural to urban areas change spatial shape of a country. This ...
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Urbanization occurs when sector composition changes from agriculture to industry. Technology improvement in agriculture releases labor from this section and causes labor to immigrate from rural areas to urban areas. Population movements from rural to urban areas change spatial shape of a country. This change will lead to the growth of existing cities, creating new cities, and/or both. This urban development has two sides: growth in number of cities and growth in sizes of cities. This study considers only the growth in number of cities. This paper tests the impact of economic factors on urban development through traditional and spatial specification of Henderson’s models for Iran’s urban system in 1966-96. The results show that considered factors has affected the growth of number of cities in Iran, although there has not been significant spatial dependence.
Nematollah Akbari; Mozhgan moallemi
Volume 7, Issue 25 , February 2006, , Pages 109-126
Abstract
On the theory, integration among countries that have common economic as well as political benefits, such as Persian Gulf Countries, may result in resource reallocation, an increase in products, trade and then economic welfare for members. This paper investigates the effect of trade integration on international ...
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On the theory, integration among countries that have common economic as well as political benefits, such as Persian Gulf Countries, may result in resource reallocation, an increase in products, trade and then economic welfare for members. This paper investigates the effect of trade integration on international trade flows among the members, using the trade gravity model.
The contiguity effect must be considered because of spatial dependence of the member countries. These countries have some common borders and therefore, spatial dependence among them affects their trade flows. Also, the paper addresses the question of extent the contiguity factor can influence the intra-trade flows of the members.
The estimation results show that the spatial dependence hypothesis is confirmed in the model. Moreover, the coefficient of integration variable reveals the fact that trade flows among Persian Gulf countries are below potential level. Therefore, these countries should remove trade obstacles to benefit from potential trade as well as comparative advantages.
Reza Nasr Esfahani; Nematollah Akbari; Rasool Bidram
Volume 7, Issue 22 , April 2005, , Pages 43-68
Abstract
In this paper we examine the effects of nominal variables on the GDP gap in Iran. The potential GDP is obtained by Prescott filtering method.
A VAR model is set up & estimated for GDP gap, inflation, market exchange rate growth, and liquidity growth.
The results show that nominal variable ...
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In this paper we examine the effects of nominal variables on the GDP gap in Iran. The potential GDP is obtained by Prescott filtering method.
A VAR model is set up & estimated for GDP gap, inflation, market exchange rate growth, and liquidity growth.
The results show that nominal variable shocks influence the GDP gap in Iran in the same direction. Stability of these shocks indicates their long-run effect on the system. Thus, for economic growth, the economic policy must concentrate on production increases, which would affect the long run production.
Hassan Karnameh Haghighi; Nematollah Akbari
Volume 6, Issue 20 , October 2004, , Pages 115-134
Abstract
In this paper, the social demand convergent rate for higher education in different regions of the country is investigated using the generalized growth rate model of Solo-Swan by applying the Panel Data technique. Among the main goals in our study is to determine the rate of social ...
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In this paper, the social demand convergent rate for higher education in different regions of the country is investigated using the generalized growth rate model of Solo-Swan by applying the Panel Data technique. Among the main goals in our study is to determine the rate of social demand convergence for higher education, as well as the rate and type of the convergence based on both gender and the trial groups. The results of the models confirm the convergence of different regions for the growth of social demand within the last two decades. The obtained high rate of convergence indicate the high regional disparities on their criterion volunteer and the size of long term stability reveals the high potential capacity to their growth. Considering the other hypothesis of the research as well as the evaluations being taken for the four enterence exam volunteer groups for universities confirm the validity of hypothesis for mathematical & technical, medical, and the social science groups and not the same for the group of art. The highest and the lowest rates of convergence are considered respectively for the medical science group and the mathematical & technical science group.
